Professional Studies in Nursing for Hamper Patient-myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theProfessional Studies in Nursingfor Hamper Patient Safety. Answer: From the situation 3, it is clear that it is instance of wrong-tolerant medicine blunder (Galanter et al., 2013). In the situation, Sally gave wrong drug to Mrs Thompson in bed 3A that was planned for Mrs Thomas in bed 3B. This kind of prescription mistake during organization and translation hamper quiet wellbeing. The medicine was directed for an off-base patient with comparable name. The drugs were nutrients and aperients; Sally gives the correct medicine to Mrs Thompson in bed 3A. Thinking about the entire situation, it very well may be expressed that Sallys approach of least said soonest patched wasn't right. Clearly clinical blunder can happen in nursing calling, be that as it may, as a human services proficient, one has the obligation to satisfy the prerequisite of Professional Code of Conduct and Ethics and not hurt any patient. Albeit, Sally uncovered the drug blunder to the patient, it was her duty to report the episode to the concerned position. In spite of the fact that, the mistake didn't bring about a possibly genuine occasion, it was as yet a blunder. Under the Conduct Statement 2 of NMBA, Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia, medical attendants have the obligation to work in understanding of upgrading quiet wellbeing under their arrangement of care (Nursing and birthing assistance leading group of Australia, 2018). They ought to perform skillful and safe consideration identified with quality and security in human services. Episode detailing and wellbeing documentation is significant for occasion examination like drug mistake and open revelation of systems. Under the Value Statement 6 of NMBA, Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, medical attendants have the obligation to participate in advancing a culture of wellbeing condition that lessen unfavorable occasions frequency and bolster open revelation (Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, 2017). Thusly, from the episode, it very well may be reasoned that medical caretakers need to act to forestall or control blunders and antagonistic occurrences in their clinical settings and decrease danger of damage. Aside from detailing of mistakes, medical attendants ought to likewise hold fast to moral standards of usefulness where they ought to embrace activities that forestall or expel blunders guaranteeing understanding wellbeing. References Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. (2018).5_New-Code-of-Ethics-for-Nurses-. Recovered 7 March 2018, from https://record://C:/Users/user00/Downloads/5_New-Code-of-Ethics-for-Nurses-August-2008%20(3).PDF Galanter, W., Falck, S., Burns, M., Laragh, M., Lambert, B. L. (2013). Sign based endorsing forestalls wrong-understanding medicine mistakes in mechanized supplier request passage (CPOE).Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association,20(3), 477-481. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001555 Standard of work on, Nursing and maternity care leading body of Australia, (2018). Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia. Recovered 7 March 2018, from https://document://C:/Users/user00/Downloads/1798150_1830561517_Nursing-and-Midwifery-Board - .PDF

Imagination has the power to encourage

Creative mind has the ability to support When strolling In the kitchen you hear the strides tap ring thump, tap clunk crash from a youngster age twenty-three, tall, lean yet not very fragile. Continuation strides entering the sauteâ © station, container moving side to side, gas burner being continually gone to high or low, and tongs being flipped around all incident In a rapidly movement. Top gourmet expert strolls In says, â€Å"Get to work, start with Immaculate the sauteâ © station right away. Truly, chef†, He immediately answered. Wishing, whooshing, faultless swiping, getting dry the dishes. He moans, inclining toward the kitchen counter, eyes concentrating on the delightful food being made over the kitchen by top culinary specialist, wanting to be Just as extraordinary as he may be. Diminishing ceaselessly however into his ideal dreamland he abruptly is incredibly gifted with culinary craftsmanship perfect works of art looking like genuine workmanship, fabulous smellin g the fragrant yet exquisite and tasting the deliciousness, rich scrumptious labors.His top cook intrigue by his masterpiece, bewilderment of energy all into the food. €Å"i have a significant declaration to make, would you say you are on the whole tuning in? ‘ Top Chef says Immediately charged. Rapidly everybody stop Immediately and takes a gander at cook. â€Å"I'm choosing to give somebody an advancement to be top culinary expert, whose win It. This individual stunning, capable, and passionate†, Chef depicts. He contemplates internally, â€Å"I'm going to be top cook; I will be top chef†. â€Å"The new top cook Is†¦ Bout to report by top culinary expert himself. Somebody approach him and snap, snap he in a flash comes out from his ideal dreamland. â€Å"Get to cleaning† His colleague says. He keeps on purging, completing he goes into a vacant station, subtly and starts to consolidated flavors, testing them. He's urges to substantiate himself to top culinary expert by doing this and effectively he could intrigue his top gourmet specialist. With enough exertion and difficult work, in any event, testing could all prompt fruitful/incredible things.

The Psychology of Secondary Reinforcement

The Psychology of Secondary Reinforcement Theories Behavioral Psychology Print The Psychology of Secondary Reinforcement By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on January 19, 2020  Michael H/Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Secondary reinforcement refers to a situation in which a stimulus reinforces a behavior after it has been associated with a primary reinforcer. For example: When you give your dog a food treat and tell him good boy, hes getting both the primary stimulus of the treat and the secondary reinforcement of the verbal praise. While the primary reinforcers are biological in nature, secondary reinforcers require association with these innate reinforcers before they can produce a response. So, your dog may not associate the verbal praise with a reward unless you combine it with the food treat. Reinforcement and Operant Conditioning? By rewarding certain behaviors, were encouraging the behaviors in the future.?? However, not all reinforcers are the same. Some can be more motivating than others. The dog from our earlier example is more likely to be highly motivated by a primary reinforcer like a treat than a pat on the head ?because food satisfies a strong biological need. If the dogs trainer wanted to pair that food with some type of secondary reinforcement such as the sound of a whistle, the sound of the whistle would eventually become associated with the food and serve as a form of secondary reinforcement. Secondary Reinforcement vs. Primary Reinforcements The primary reinforcers?? occur naturally and do not need to be learned. Examples of primary reinforcers include things that satisfy basic survival needs such as water, food, sleep, air, and sex. Money is one example of secondary reinforcement. Money can be used to reinforce behaviors because it can be used to acquire primary reinforcers such as food, clothing, and shelter (among other things). Secondary reinforcement is also known as conditioned reinforcement. More Examples of Secondary Reinforcement Token economies?? are another good example of how secondary reinforcement can be used in operant conditioning. Token economies involve rewarding people with tokens, chips or stars for good behaviors. These token can then be exchanged for other items that the individual desires. Parents, teachers, and therapists frequently utilize this type of reinforcement to encourage children and clients to engage in adaptive behaviors. While they have no inherent reinforcement value in and of themselves, such tokens can be used to purchase primary reinforcers such as soda pops, candy, and other privileges. Once this association has been made, the tokens themselves become reinforcing. Advantages of Secondary Reinforcement So, what are the advantages of using secondary reinforcement? Why not just skip the trouble of forming an association and simply use primary reinforcement instead? As you can probably already imagine, primary reinforcers are only reinforcing if the subject is in a state of deprivation. A dog is unlikely to perform tricks in exchange for a treat if the animal is full and satiated. A child is unlikely to clean her room to receive a treat if she just finished eating lunch. Utilizing secondary reinforcement allows the trainer to continue to deliver reinforcement even if the subject does not have any biological needs at the moment. This form of reinforcement is less susceptible to satiation, so it provides the opportunity to deliver reinforcement at any time. What Is Reinforcement and How Is It Used in Psychology?

Critical Appraisal Of A Qualitative Research Article

Critical appraisal of a qualitative research article. The qualitative article being appraised is by Martin and Woods (2012) using the CASP tool qualitative framework (CASP 2013). These tools have been validated to ensure that studies can be assessed in a consistent way assessing the trustworthiness of the research article (Aveyard, 2014) Qualitative research can often be labelled as biased and anecdotal however Anderson (2010) argues that when carried out rigorously it can be unbiased, in-depth and creditable, in fact becoming a leading research method for evidence based nursing. White (2006) explains that when the research is based on people’s perceptions then qualitative research is appropriate, it aids in developing an understanding for peoples understanding, feelings values and opinions. Qualitative research seeks to develop explanations for social trends/events, thus encouraging detail and depth whilst creating openness (Bamberger, 2000). In addition IVONNE (2004) reasons that qualitative research gives brand new insights by providing differing ideas on current practices. On the other hand, Abawl (2008) highlights that data collection can be very time consuming, open to interpretation and consequently influenced by researcher bias. CASP sets out a series of questions that can be used to critically appraise qualitative research, and help to identify if the article contains bias, is relevant and creditable. The purpose of the study was to investigate the motivation ofShow MoreRelatedQualitative Research Article Critical Appraisal3282 Words   |  14 PagesQualitative Research Article Critical Appraisal Overview A study by Chu, Wodchis, and McGilton (2014) revealed a one year turnover rate as high as 85.5% for Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and 55.4% for Registered Nurses (RNs) in long term care. In addition to this alarming statistic, in North Dakota alone, long term care facilities reported 669 open nursing positions in November of 2016 (NDLTCA, 2016). McGilton, Boscart, Brown, and Bowers (2014) noted that this mounting concern is associatedRead MoreEssay on Critical Appraisal1662 Words   |  7 Pages Appraisal 1 Critical Appraisal by Gemekia C. Parker A Paper Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for NU 608 EBP Quality Improvement in Health Care Systems University of South Alabama College of Nursing Fall 2010 Appraisal 2 Introduction Critical appraisal is the process of systematically examining research evidence to assess its validity, results, and relevance. (Hill, 2001) Critical appraisal of research is preformedRead MoreNurses Perceptions Of Acute Care Placements1709 Words   |  7 PagesFaculty for Intensive Care Medicine ‘Core Standards for Intensive Care Units (CSICU) (2013) state s that each critical unit must have a dedicated Clinical Nurse Educator who is responsible for coordinating the education of both current nursing staff and students. As well as this the Clinical Nurse Educator will also ensure all student nurses have the opportunity to be placed in a critical or acute care setting (CSICU, 2013). Doucette et al (2011) has identified 3 major beneficial influences on futureRead MoreCritical Appraisal Of A Qualitative Research Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pages Critical Appraisal of a Qualitative Research Article A critical appraisal of the article by Batch Windsor (2015) was completed to assess the value of this qualitative research study. This was accomplished through the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). The CASP tool is used to evaluate and clarify if these proposed research topics have merit. The tool resulted in the assessment that this article is useful, particularly within the nursing profession. Nonetheless, portions of thisRead MoreEvaluation Of A Qualitative Research Tool Critical Appraisal1642 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Young and Solomon (2009) critical appraisal is a systematic process which can identify both, the strengths and weaknesses of a research study. During this process the reader is able to assess studies’ usefulness and whether or not the findings are trustworthy, it also supports in decision making in terms of whether to apply the study’s results in practice The aim of this paper is to critically appraise two qualitative research papers. The appraisal includes discussion of the authors, titleRead MoreCritical appraisal987 Words   |  4 Pages Research Critique, Part 1 Grand Canyon University: NUR 433V March 15, 2015 Introduction Critical appraisal of a research study demonstrates an understanding of the research study being conducted. This paper will review a qualitative research study designed to explore the lived experience of lay presence during adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in primary and secondary environments of care from a healthcare provider’s (HCP) perspective. The in-depth critical appraisalRead MoreArticle Critique 11374 Words   |  6 Pagescritique of the article Supporting Families through Discharge from PICU to the Ward: the Development and Evaluation of a Discharge Information Brochure for Families by Sophie Linton, Chelsea Grant, and Juliet Pellegrini, published in Intensive and Critical Care Nursing (2008, vol. 24). The critiquing framework used is the Qualitative Appraisal Tool in Critical Appraisal Skills Programme because it has several questions relating to assumptions or principles which characterize qualitative research (NursingRead MoreHealth Promotion Model : A Meta Synthesis1303 Words   |  6 Pages Critical Analysis of a Published Research Article Ho, A.Y.K., Berggren, I., Dahlborg-Lyckhage, E. (2010). Diabetes empowerment related to Pender’s Health Promotion Model: A meta-synthesis. Nursing and Health Sciences (2010), 12, 259–267 Title Evaluation The title of this article â€Å"Diabetes empowerment related to Pender’s Health Promotion Model: A meta-synthesis† has been to-the-point and has been definite. The title has hinted at the way the research would be conducted withoutRead MoreA Research Study Of Nurses Beliefs And Practice1395 Words   |  6 Pagesexploratory qualitative study of nurses’ beliefs and practice, is a research article chosen for this essay. This critical review will include an appraisal of the designated sections of the research paper, provide a realistic and practical explanation linking findings to clinical practice, as well as a personal reflection on how the process of appraisal of evidence from the article has increased my knowledge. The title and abstract of the article is clear, concise and congruent with the article. The titleRead MoreWhat Factors Are Involved in the Increasing Prevalence of Type II Diabetes in Adolescents living in Sub-Saharan Africa?1279 Words   |  6 Pagesof the problem posed by type II diabetes. - Estimating the prevalence of type II diabetes among adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa. - Identifying possible risk factors. - Making evidence based conclusions and recommendations for practice or further research. INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is a deadly disease in many parts of the world. It is a disease condition that is usually characterized with an elevated blood glucose level. Researchers over the years have worked to determine the metabolic pathways

On Feminism and ‘the Yellow Wallpaper’ by Charlotte Gilman

On Feminism and ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ by Charlotte Gilman On the poets forum Feminism is based on the assumption that women have the same human, political and social rights as men, furthermore, that women should have the same opportunities as men in their personal choices regarding careers, politics and expression. A feminist text states the author’s agenda for women in society as they relate to oppression by a patriarchal power structure and the subsequent formation of social ‘standards’ and ‘protocols’. A feminist text will be written by a woman, and it will point out deficiencies in society regarding equal opportunity, and the reader will typically be aware of this motive. In a work of fiction, the main character, or heroine,†¦show more content†¦In the world of yellow wallpaper, a woman would naturally be fascinated by a garden. Gilman’s character is a naà ­ve, faithful wife who does as her husband instructs her to. She blames herself for being ‘unreasonably angry’ and is critical of her nervo us disorder, as she is pressured to think so by her husband and doctors. Despite her intuitive objections, she agrees to treatment for her depression because her husband wishes her to. It is the wallpaper, though, that is the focal-point of the story, and it holds within it many descriptive and fruitful metaphors for the insidious discrimination and oppression of women. With steady patience and a methodical rhythm, Gilman exposes more and more insight into the meaning of the wallpaper throughout the story. She uses a slow and steady pace to release tidbits of metaphor that clue the reader to see the wallpaper as a symbol of male authority. The main character’s fascination with the ugly paper begins as an innocent annoyance, builds to a pastime, and crescendos to an obsession. The beauty of the story, however, is that this build-up is very subtle, and only after reflection and contemplation can the symbols of the wallpaper be seen. Indeed, the character in the story cannot recognize them herself, and it is the struggle to see what is in the wallpaper that moves the reader along. The text isShow MoreRelatedInsanity and Feminism in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman504 Words   |  3 PagesInsanity and Feminism in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman reflects the intense struggle with of a woman during the late 1800’s. However, as the story unfolds, we realize the reasons for this insanity and the connections of this breakdown to the main character’s husband, John. What we discover is the way women were treated during the late 1800’s and the significance of this treatment on their lives. The storyRead MoreFeminism Of An Hour And Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper1596 Words   |  7 Pages Evelyn Gomez Mrs. Kehrmeyer AP English 11 3 December 2014 Feminism in the 1960 s Feminism is the push for woman’s rights considering their political, social and economic equality to men. The feminist movement of the 1960 s demonstrated how women demanded equal rights since they wanted to be included into the world around them not only as mothers and house wives but as a vital part society. Women realized there were more opportunities for them in the world rather than staying home cleaning andRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is Centered Around Individualism and Feminism644 Words   |  3 PagesIn â€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper† theme is centered around individuality and feminism. The woman in the story is suffering with depression but does not know how to deal with her illness due to her husband insensitivity and lack of belief of her illness. During this time period women were oppressed and were to be â€Å"seen and not heard.† Women were not seen as an equal individual to men but more like children. It is very clear that the wife is made inferior to her husband John. By him being a physicianRead MoreSexism and Feminism in the Late 1800s in accordance with The White Heron by Sarah Orne Jewett and The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins-Gilman1483 Words   |  6 Pagesright to vote, equal pay, and all around equality is what they demanded. But feminism was not only found at suffrage rallys or Grange meetings, it made its way in to every medium, including literature. A bit more subtle than rallys and protests, short stories were an effective tool for a feminist with the disposition for exposition. Among these women wordsmiths were Charlotte Perkins Gilman, author of The Yellow Wallpaper, and Sarah Orne Jewett who wrote A White Heron. Both of these stories focusRead MoreWomen During The Nineteenth Century Essay991 Words   |  4 PagesWomen began standing up for themselves using literature in the nineteenth century. The time periods of the feminism booms were called waves. There are three waves of feminism starting f rom the nineteenth century to now. They all occurred in the United Kingdom, Britain, France, and the United States. These waves lead to women getting closer to being treated equal to men. The first wave was in the United Kingdom and the United States within the nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. ThisRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woman suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreDepiction Of Gender Roles And The Stigma Of Mental Illness1273 Words   |  6 PagesThe depiction of gender roles and the stigma of mental illness in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† can be elucidated in different ways. When reading the a ctual piece, the narrator really does seem to have a very difficult time in her life. It is obvious through several of the articles that she has had a difficult time trying to find her identity, and it has shown through her mental stability. The comparison of the Panopticon method and Gilman’s own experiences helps to provide a clearer view as to what sheRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesthere has been a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desireRead MoreCh arlotte Perkins Gilm Domestic Insanity And Feminism1072 Words   |  5 PagesMelanie Bottini ENGL 222 TTh 11:30 AM Chris Ruiz-Velasco 10 February 2014 Charlotte Perkins Gilman – Domestic Insanity and Feminism Charlotte Perkins Gilman was an author who lived from 1860 to 1935 who represents the movement of American women towards intellectual freedom and empowerment during the turn of the century. Gilman was a great lecturer who used her fame to spread her ideas across the country, speaking at various organizations at cities from coast to coast. She was also a poet, novelistRead MoreAnalysis Of The Yellow Wallpaper1073 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman can be interpreted in many ways. Some scholars debate that it is written as an autobiography, some say it is an isolated work, a complete fantasy, or simply just a feminist uprising. One particular scholar even relates the feminism aspect with a feline creature within one scene of the story (Golden 1). Although there are many aspects throughout the text that represent feminism, the main theme that shines through is the story of a woman

Cartesian Compromise Free Essays

Cartesian Compromise: Bridging Psyche and Soma Fionna Larcom History and Systems of Psychology Cartesian Compromise: Bridging Psyche and Soma Introduction In 1995, Blaine M. Yorgason published the true story of his adopted daughter, Charity. One Tattered Angel captures the Mind/Body Problem, proclaiming the existence of the spirit (mind) and challenging the connection to the body. We will write a custom essay sample on Cartesian Compromise or any similar topic only for you Order Now On August 31, 1988 the Yorgason family was asked whether they would foster a newborn who â€Å"has some health problems. †(Yorgason, 1995, p. 8) Yorgason’s first impression description of Charity is that of a tiny, adorable infant, who was perfect – at least on the outside. The family agreed to take her into their home – following some medical tests ordered by social services. The nature of Charity’s health issue was revealed accidentally by a family friend. When Kathy told her we had a new foster baby, she began waxing eloquent over a tiny baby that had been born at her hospital a couple of days before. â€Å"She was so cute! † she exclaimed. Even though she didn’t have a brain, she was the most alert baby in the nursery, holding her head up and looking around just like she knew what she was doing. † (Yorgason, 1995, p. 34) Charity had been born without a brain but with an intact brain stem. The autonomic nervous system, used e xclusively by newborn babies, is controlled by the brain stem. This was what gave Charity the illusion of normality; an illusion which would shatter in a few short weeks when function control would shift to the two hemispheres of the brain. Philosophical Mind- Body Dualism From the Materialist perspective, a perspective that denies the existence of a psyche, Charity’s physical limitations would suggest no mind, thus no spirit, no personality; Yorgason would disagree. In her seven years of life, Charity defied the medical assertion that she â€Å"has very little potential for development beyond the infant stage. † (Yorgason, 1995, p. 43). In her own small ways; her music preferences, her joy at taking a bath, and the radiant smile that attracted strangers, Charity echoed Descartes claim that â€Å"I exist† (Descartes, n. d. ). Descartes concluded that his existence â€Å"did not require any place, or depend on any material thing† therefore, his existence (mind and consciousness) existed on a plane outside of his physical body. The Principle of Nonidentity of Discernibles subscribes to the basic principle that â€Å"if two things do not have exactly the same properties, then they are not identical. (Lanhead, 2006, p. 209) While this may seem a reasonable premise, closer analysis finds that adherence to â€Å"this strict definition of identity, [allows that] so-called identical twins are different persons who have some very basic similarities, if nothing else, they differ (or are discernible) because they occupy different portions of space. † (Lanhead, 2006, p. 209) Psychological Mind-Body Dualism The mind/body problem has evolved and diversified since the time of Descartes. One source of confusion – and ultimately contention between the differing concepts of dualism – is the inability to test nonphysical properties using the scientific principles of the physical world. While Philosophy has the luxury to entertain beliefs not yet supported by science, Psychology is not as flexible. In its quest for scientific validity, the ‘field’ of Psychology is in constant danger of neglecting the unique and unpredictable nature of human behavior. This danger has escalated in recent years as a result of advances in neuroscience and brain functionality but also from the blending of psychiatry and analytical psychology, i. e. psychoanalysis. W. W. Meissner addresses this blending in his 2007 article, Mind, Brain, and Self in Psychoanalysis, adding the psychological perspective to J. B Martin’s The Integration of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience in the 21st Century. Martin comments: â€Å"A conjoined effort of neurologists and psychiatrists s necessary to understand how a disease of the brain results in an illness of the mind. Clinical attempts to categorize diseases as ‘organic’ or ‘functional’ become somewhat arbitrary† (p. 698) analysts can take this to imply that psychoanalytic efforts to envision pathogenic processes as exclusively mental and not simultaneously neurobiological are not only arbitrary but also increasingly obsolete, and this is not merely in areas of research and theory, but in the clinical work with patients as well. Meissner, 2007) Meissner and Martin may believe it arbitrary to source a diagnosis from the scientific perspective, however a clear understanding of whether an issue is based in the body or the mind is invaluable when it comes to treatment, thus the enduring question of dualism. Isomorphism The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science asserts that â€Å"there is [a] general agreement that having a body is at least a part of the nature of being human. It is the mind (psyche, soul) – the question of whether such an entity exists, and how to define it – that is the crux of the mind/body problem. (Reuder, 2001, p. 961) The Berlin School of Gestalt Psychology chose not to define the mind, but rather ascertain the physical properties associated with actual somatic experiences compared with the cognitive (thought) experience, for example, the perception of being in motion while not actually in motion. W hat they found was that the form and structure of the biophysical and electrochemical processes of the brain were identical; the ‘brain’ in the physical sense could not tell the difference. Nonphysical Law The Mind/Body Problem is puzzling, granted, however from the psychological point view – the non-therapeutic point of view, there is no difference between the mind and the body. The body will react whether the stimulus originates in the physical or nonphysical realm. The challenge comes in the form of true objectivity. It is easy to dismiss that which cannot be explained, it is also easy to believe that physical law is somehow superior or has more validity to its mysterious nonphysical counterpart. For Blaine M. Yorgason, a tattered angel opened his ‘mind’. References Reuder, M. E. (2001). The Mind-Body Problem. In Craighead, W. E. Nemeroff, C. B. (Eds. ). The Cosini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science (3rd Ed). New York: John Wiley Sons. Lanhead, W. F. (2006). The Philosophical Journey: An Interactive Approach (3rd Ed). New York: McGraw-Hill Meissner, W. W. (2007). Mind, Brain, and Self in Psychoanalysis: Therapeutic Implications of the Mind-Body Relation. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 2007, Vol. 24, No. 2, 333-354. Yorgason, B. M. (1995) One Tattered Angel. Utah: Gentle Breeze Publications. How to cite Cartesian Compromise, Papers

Christopher Marlowes Contribution to English Drama free essay sample

It was in the fifteenth century that tragedy came to English dramatic field. This was due to the Revival of Learning in Europe commonly referred to as the Renaissance and the translation of great Italian tragedies. Italian Renaissance exercised a vital influence on the development of English Drama. The first English tragedy was Gorboduc (1565) by Thomas Norton and Thomas Sackville. In style and treatment of theme Seneca was very much their model. Although this tragedy showed some innovation, yet most of the Senecan qualities such as long speeches, ghosts, gruesome murders and talks and talks were very much there. The tragedies that followed Seneca had the same qualities and properties. It required the mighty efforts of a genius to free the Elizabethan Drama from the worst features of the Senecan tragedies and it was Christopher Marlowe who has achieved this foundation for the realm of English Dramatic Literature. There are umpteen characteristic of Marlovian tragedies. In discussing Marlowe, we can point out how he formulated the English Drama and especially Tragedy which was improved upon and perfected by a genius like Shakespeare who owes Marlowe for all his greatness and grandeur. Because had there been no Marlowe, there would have been no Shakespeare. It is also due to Marlowe that English Drama for the first time was bestirred with the vigorous poetry and passion. He has rightly been called the Morning Star of English Drama. Marlow’s Great Tragic Heroes: The first great thing done by Marlowe was to break away from the medieval conception of Tragedy. The Medieval Drama was a game of the princes and imperial classes – the kings and Queens and their rise an fall. But it was left to Marlowe to evolve and create the real tragic hero. All of his tragic heroes are of humble parentage, Tamburlaine, Barabas in the Jew of Malta and Faustus, but they are endowed with great tragic and heroic qualities. His tragedy is a tragedy of one man – his rise and fall, his fate and actions and finally his death for his own failings and incapacities. All the other characters fade into insignificance besides the towering personality and the glory and grandeur of the tragic hero. Even various incidents revolve round the hero. His heroes are men fired with indomitable passion and inordinate ambition. His Tamburlaine is in full-flooded pursuit of military and political power, his Faustus sells his soul to the Devil to attain ultimate power through knowledge and gain the deity and His Jew of Malta discards all sense of human values with his blind aspirations. What Marlowe depicts and dramatizes is that all his mighty and towering heroes with all their sky-high designs and aspirations ultimately fall into failure and doom exhibiting their tragic and doomed end. Herein lies the greatness of Marlowe. Working of a passion: We have previously studied that Marlowe’s heroes are dominated by the inordinate desires and passions. These passions take the form of wealth, spirit of learning, high power. Through these, Marlowe imparts vehemence, fire and force in the drama. But in this way, we may trace the distinct influence of Machiavelli on Marlowe. Marlowe must have read his famous book, The Prince and derived this idea of ambition and spirit from him. Marlowe discarded the old concept of tragedy as decent from greatness to misery and supplanted it greatness by the greatness of individual worth. His heroes truly reflect the new Spirit of Learning because he himself was the product of Renaissance. The Inner Conflict: Another great achievement of Marlowe was to introduce the element of conflict in the tragic hero especially in Dr. Faustus and Edward II. The conflict may be on the physical or spiritual plane. The spiritual and moral conflict takes place in the heart of man and this is of much greater significance and much more poignant than the former. And a great tragedy most powerfully reveals the emotional conflict or moral agony of the mighty hero. In the realm of England’s dramatic literature, Dr. Faustus may be reckoned the first spiritual tragedy or the tragedy of the soul. In this epoch-making drama, true and deep moral agonies and painful spiritual conflict has been superbly laid bare before us by Marlowe. Like the old Greek heroes, Marlovian Heroes are not helpless puppets in the hands of Fate and they are never destined by gods. They have free thinking of religion and carve their way themselves. The tragic end they meet is caused by the tragic flaw in their personalities and they achieve this end through their actions. This is the greatest contribution of Marlowe to the English Drama. Moral Conception: It was Marlowe who first discarded the medieval conception of tragedy as it was distinctly a moral one. In old Morality Plays, the purpose was to simply inculcate a moral lesson by showing the fall of the hero. There is no such thing in Marlovian plays. The main interest centers on the sky-touching personality of the heroes with their tremendous efforts to attain the limit and their rise and fall in their struggle. Blank Verse: Another great achievement of Marlowe was to introduce a new type of blank verse in his tragedies. A new spirit of poetry was breathed into the artificial and monotonous verse of the old days. In fact, the whole of Elizabethan Drama was enliven by a new poetic grandeur. Seriousness and Concentration: Another notable characteristic of Marlowe’s work is seriousness and concentration on the theme and there is complete lack of humor. According to many critics, the clownish scenes and the other absurdities were interpolated by the later authors. There are also no women characters in Marlowe’s works, this is also a typical quality of his. The episodes of Helen in Dr. Faustus and other female figures in other plays are only shadows or figure-heads. Most of these features may also be regarded as the drawbacks, however; it was Marlowe’s distinct way of writing which is typical of him. Or perhaps, for these reasons, he couldn’t reach the towering high plane of fame as did Shakespeare. But we must remember that he was a pioneer and path-finder. He was the Columbus of a new literary World in England. It is due to Marlowe that we have Shakespeare whom we know and read, but had Marlowe not written such these works, there would have been Shakespeare, but no the one we know today. Shakespeare, without him, would have been only another writer.

16 Products Youll Need If Youre Almost An Adult

Overloaded with responsibilities in college? There is no one to help you clean, cook for you, and force you to live healthily. We know what’s like - you have your morning unpaid internship to get to, afternoon classes, and social activities that last through the night. When do you have time to get your life together? To help you be responsible, better manage your time, and have a little fun, here’s a list of products that will help you out.1. Automatic vacuum cleanerAs a college student, cleaning your apartment is your last concern. Invest in one of these and you’ll be good to go. 2. Mint Not sure how to manage your money now that you have a full time job? Don’t worry, Mint will monitor it for you. 3. Wall Organizer Don’t leave things lying around. Put this around the apartment and make it easier for you to clean up after yourself. 4. Wine Bottle To Go bag This is just much more cost effective. Disclaimer: not limited to alcoholic beverages. Also good for transporting your favorite kombucha or coconut water. Stay hydrated, guys. 5. PlatedAlways buy too much groceries and waste food? Now there’s a grocery delivery service that gives you the exact portions you need to make your meals. 6. Ruggie - alarm clock for sleep lovers! It doesn’t matter how many alarms you set, you always snooze through them and wake up late for class. With this matt, it forces you to get out of bed. There’s no escaping that alarm. 7. PlushCare - get urgent care by phone! Going to the doctors is such a pain, so why wait in line if you dont have to? Enter code for a discount! 8. Chalk Wall Decal Fun and practical for your house, especially if you’re sharing a place with roommates! Leave notes for each other, and let visitors do the same. 9. Rinse Too lazy to do your laundry? Get someone to pick it up, washed and delivered. 10. Ostrich Pillow Travel a lot? You may look a little strange, but it will solve all your problems and allow you to get some rest on the flight. 11. Glasses that block blue light! Staring at the computer all day strain your eyes, but it doesn’t always have to be that way. J!NS screens block out 25% of eye-strain causing blue light, making it easier for you to study/work. 12. Mophie - keychain phone charger We live in a society where we can’t survive without our phones. No phone doesn’t just mean no contact - it also means no apply pay, and no uber. 13. Tile We lose our stuff all the time. Sometimes a nice passerby will pick it up and return it, but that’s rarely the case. Attach this tile to your items and track it! 14. Humidifier cap If you live in a city that’s usually pretty dry, get one of these and make a humidifier with just your water bottle! 15. HydrateSpark - Smart Water Bottle We always remember to drink our coffee, but never our water. This water bottle not only tracks your consumption of water, but also reminds you to drink your water! 16. Ropeless Jump Rope Need some in-home work out equipment? This maybe one of the best. Same effect as a normal jump rope, but no hassle, no damage.Need extra money for these gadgets? Create an profileand claim your $10 signup bonus. Get paid for answering users’ questions and providing valuable insight into the college application process.

Human Resources Department Roles and Responsibilities

Human Resources Department Roles and Responsibilities AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to describe Verizon Wireless Human Resource Department roles and responsibilities. This paper will explain how Verizon's Human Resources Department must constantly change to adapt new business strategies in specific areas like globalization, diversity and ethics to facilitate a successful business environment.Human resource roles in My OrganizationThe human resources department at Verizon Wireless performs a vital role in this successful communication company. Benefits management, training, recruitment, and employee relations are some of the primary areas concerning Verizon Wireless Human Resources Department. If any area within this vital support organization is neglected, serious problems can occur within the company. The areas supported by human resources department can also help pave the way for a successful, thriving company.The management at Verizon Wireless relies heavily on the expertise of the human resources department. Although traditio nal business thinking can portray this business entity as "dangerous" or "the enemy", a good relationship between employees, management, and the human resources department creates a wonderful working environment.End zone view of the ice surface at the Verizon Wi...The management at Verizon Wireless promotes extensive use of services provided by this department such as evaluating employee conflicts, general hiring practices, and salary evaluation. Traditional human resource department roles continue to be important to all businesses, but the role of this department is always changing.Business strategies change constantly and the human resources department must also change to enable these strategies to work. Many areas create a successful business environment, but the following listed areas of discussion will perhaps create the most productive change.GlobalizationDiversityEthicsGlobalization has evolved as a crucial part of business in many companies throughout the United States. In o rder to remain competitive, businesses must rely on global economies to expand markets and reduce operating costs. Human resource departments can assist in reducing costs by combining a comprehensive understanding of...

QI strategies in performance measurements Essay

QI strategies in performance measurements - Essay Example The other methodology necessary for integrating QI strategies and performance measures is the use of a framework. The framework should contain various guidelines on how the two above can be integrated effectively and even the dangers involved if the process and guidelines presented are not stipulated. The framework is the most effective and requires less technical expertise. This is however too simple to yield a good integration since some issues are not incorporated. The third methodology is having a combination of different methodologies. Since different methodologies have their own pros and cons when used on their own and may prove ineffective in integrating QI strategies and performance measures, a combination of several methodologies (for example the use of framework and information technology) will ensure that the pros of the methodologies are more than the cons and hence integration will be more successful. The disadvantage of this is that it will take more time for the combin ation to occur and also will require more technical expertise compared to just using a single methodology (Lighter and Fair, 2007). The use of information technology is most effective in the recreational facilities plan. This is because it requires less health care staff hovering around the patients and reminding them of their health conditions. It will also ensure that patients have freedom to enjoy the facilities without constant monitoring and also constantly being taken to their rooms for medication.

Customer Relationship Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Customer Relationship Management - Essay Example CRM is a broad aspect and can be used from the perspective of consumer, business and implementation of strategies. CRM can be broadly divided into three major categories namely, functional, business strategy and implementation. Functional category includes aspects which relate to the functional areas of an organization and includes areas like sales force automation, customer support etc. The business strategy aspect can be divided into three types which are business, technology and customer. The implementation perspective can be divided into analytical, collaborative and operational based practices. Analytical CRM is a tool that seeks to gather and analyse data related to operational aspects of an organization. Tools like OLAP and other data warehousing techniques help in creating a better experience for consumers by improving their relationship with the organization. Collaborative CRM focuses upon the different points of interaction with the customer and the firm and serves to integ rate the various channels of communication for a better service delivery. Operational CRM helps in providing solutions with regards to various back and front end support for administrative and customer related aspects by integration with different databases to provide customer friendly support and delivery business processes (Motiwalla & Thompson, p.332-333). CRM not only aims at developing a better relationship with the customers but also strives towards creating an all round development.... Collaborative CRM focuses upon the different points of interaction with the customer and the firm and serves to integrate the various channels of communication for a better service delivery. Operational CRM helps in providing solutions with regards to various back and front end support for administrative and customer related aspects by integration with different databases to provide customer friendly support and delivery business processes (Motiwalla & Thompson, p.332-333). Scope and Importance of Customer Relationship Management CRM not only aims at developing a better relationship with the customers but also strives towards creating an all round development of relationship with all the major stakeholders including the suppliers who play a crucial part in the sustainability of the organization. The main aspects of CRM include knowledge of the customer, an effective strategy directed towards maintaining a relationship with the customer, communication and finally the value addition in the product or service offering (Peelen, p.7). Figure 2: Diagram showing the scope of CRM (Source: Buttle, p.299) CRM places the customer at the centre of the framework as all its intended policies are directed towards the development of customer relationship. Management of suppliers is essential considering the fact that they form the backbone of an organization’s business activities. Firms like Wal-Mart have effectively used ERP to bring about a better and efficient relationship with the suppliers so as to deliver greater value to the consumers. Toyota uses a effective CRM framework to manage its large number of suppliers which has helped in attaining efficiency which has reaped numerous operational benefits to

Detailed Analysis Of John Lewis Partnership Commerce Essay

Detailed Analysis Of John Lewis Partnership Commerce Essay The following report will provide a detailed analysis of John Lewis Partnership. The retailer has been very successful in the UK and has performed extremely well in spite of more negative financial issues and other dynamics impacting upon the retail sector at large, predominantly in light of declining consumer income, technological advances such as the internet and increased competition. The reason the company was able to achieve these was because of their commitment towards their clients in providing innovative solutions as well as improved awareness of customer needs and the significance of creating a reliable customer base which ensures positive word-of-mouth and the company has achieved this due to its commitment to providing innovative solutions to clients as well as a heightened awareness of customer needs and further recommendations to increase new revenue streams through an appropriate CRM system in place. Therefore, the reports provides an evaluation of the companys current marketing environment assessing how the external factors impact the retail sector largely and specifically on the strategies that John Lewis chooses to adopt. The report will also evaluate the strengths and weaknesses as well as the threats and opportunities that the company is presented with and how best it can achieve a match with its own internal capabilities to the dynamics at play. The report will also look at how the John Lewis brand and customer proposition is placed in the UK market in comparison to other competitors, with an attempt to provide understanding in to how the company gains advantage through differentiation from other competitors, essentially highlighting how the company implements a differentiated strategy which allows it to maintain advantage. At the same time, the analysis has drawn attention to how the uncertainty which prevails and the continuous rate of change in the external market highlights the implications of continuous observation and continuous re-evaluation of the strategic options applied. Ultimately, the aim is to provide recommendations as to how the company can increase the probability of its advantage over the longer term. The John Lewis Partnerships 81,000 Partners own the leading UK retail businesses John Lewis and Waitrose. Our founders vision of a successful business powered by its people and its principles defines our unique company today. The profits and benefits created by our success are shared by all our Partners (John Lewis, 2012). Write the report as if you were working for an external management consultancy firm, reporting to the Board of Directors of your chosen company. The report should contain sections that address ALL of the main aspects of the module syllabus: that is the report should cover both strategic analysis (internal and external) and strategy formulation. It is essential that in undertaking your research and writing your report you make appropriate use of the strategic management tools and models to conduct internal and external strategic analysis and strategy formulation that you have encountered in this module. Credit will be given for analysis, evaluation and synthesis, and the appropriate selection and use of strategic management tools and models. 2.0 Introduction This report will discuss the strategic management tools demonstrating skills of analysis evaluation and synthesis of John Lewis. The report includes strategic analysis and an External Environmental analysis. The report also covers the strategy formulation in which the SWOT analysis and BCG Matrix will be discussed. John Lewis Partnership plc is one of the UKs top ten retail businesses. They operate amongst 2 sectors known as John Lewis and Waitrose. The company offers food as well as household products i.e. baked foods, fresh fruit veg, wines, household items, furniture, electronic items etc. The company functions in a chain of 287 Waitrose supermarkets, 39 John Lewis shops that include 30 departmental stores and 8 of them at home John Lewis stores. The company operates throughout the UK and is headquartered in London, they sell their products through retail stores, catalogues, and websites. The companys strategic focus is to accomplish its non-core business strategies through partnership with other firms. There are around 81,000 employees working in John Lewis stores who are partners in the business, they have a share in the companys profits and are given the opportunity to participate in the companys progress and growth. This is their unique source of competitive advantage as it encourages staff loyalty through being business partners (John Lewis 2012) 3.0 Strategic analysis 3.1 Mission statement The mission of an organisation highlights the broad directions they need to follow and provides a brief summary of the values and reasons that lie behind it (Lynch 2012). Like other organisations John Lewis also have a mission statement, it highlights their reputation established through their ownership structure as it is unique and they are very successful in being a profitable business. John Lewis aim to keep their staff satisfied so that their business can be a success. Their strategy is based on three key elements partners, customers and profit. (Refer to appendix 1) to see their full mission statement. 4.0 External Environmental analysis 4.1 PESTEL Analysis The PESTEL analysis examines the macro-environment in which the business exists in. It is a helpful tool for understanding market growth or decline as well as the position, potential and the direction for business. It is also used for evaluating the Political, Economic, Social Technological, Environmental and Legal factors that a business operates in. The Political factors discuss government regulations such as employment laws, environmental regulations, tax policy and political stability. The Economic factors affect the cost of capital and purchasing power of an organisation. These factors also include economic growth, interest rates and inflation. The Social factors impact customers needs, potential market size such as John Lewiss goods and services, population growth and age demographics. Technological factors of John Lewis will discuss barriers to entry, making or buying decisions, investment and innovation and the technological change. Environmental factors include weather, clim ate and climate change. Climate change affects how John Lewis operates and the products they offer. Lastly Legal Factors include discrimination law, employment law and health and safety law. These factors can affect the way John Lewis operate their costs and the demand for their products. 4.2 Macro- environmental Factors It is commonly known, that those prevailing in the external environment of any firm shall have a significant influence in terms of decision making in the strategic options. Such analysis is known as PESTEL analysis and usually suggested as the first stage in the strategic planning process (Lynch, 2006). As Johnson et al (2008, pg.56) rightly declared, The key drivers for change are environmental factors that are likely to have a high impact on the success or failure of strategy. (Refer to appendix 2) to see the PESTEL analysis for John Lewis. It can be concluded that each factor of the PESTEL has had an effect on John Lewiss actions, some of them are now stated in their mission statement. Previous factors are used to analyse different factors, furthermore, these factors can give a prediction for the future, so can be quiet effective if they are applied correctly. There are also some restrictions in this model, e.g. when the procedure of the checklist is applied to John Lewis it may be tough. The emergent corporate strategies may well comment that the future is so uncertain that prediction is useless (Lynch 2012 page 84), however, some may still give words of caution but still predict the future. The PESTEL analysis isnt the only framework that John Lewis take into consideration, their organisation has many other internal and external factors that also have an effect on the strategy formulation, this is why Porters five Forces framework is applied. The PESTEL analysis has a lot of information but yet doesnt offer a detailed analysis of the business. Porters Five Forces (1985) observes factors that have an impact on competition in the organisation. 4.3 Strategic Options The external analysis undertaken has underlined how the focus and the landscape of the UK retail sector has changed dramatically over the last decade or so. Such developments clearly present both threats, primarily from new entrants and modes of distribution, as well as opportunities such as the increasing utilisation of technology within the current offering to customers. As Johnson et al (2008, pg.3) highlights, strategy is about exploiting the strategic capability of an organisation, in terms of its resources and competences, to provide competitive advantage and/or yield new opportunities. However, many competitors in the retail sector at large have managed to expand into other range of products as well as expanding internationally, John Lewis seems to have adopted a more thoughtful approach and stayed loyal to its customers as well as confident in terms of its offering to the market. At the same time it has also developed a wide range of products as a lower price range to attract more customers across a wider range of segments in society. In times of economic uncertainty this also appears to be a sensible strategy in terms of situations where its loyal customer base may be experiencing declines in disposable income, thus enabling John Lewis to maintain their business through customers trading down to less expensive ranges in store. The recent introduction for its Essential Waitrose Range in 2009 was both a reaction to external events including activities of competitors but was viewed as an effective strategy highlighting the companys attention to external research as well as its innovative approach to dealing with such negative events. Furthermore, Porter put forward the idea that there were three generic strategies; cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and the focus strategy, which companies follow. It is clear that John Lewis has embraced a combination of these, but essentially, differentiation has remained key to its business model which positions more favourably when compared to other competitors, particularly given the range and extent of the goods and services it provides as well as its highly effective branding and promotional events which appeal directly to customers and incite purchase. Its decision to introduce its Essentials range within its Waitrose stores may have been considered by some as an indication it was lowering its standards, but on the contrary, despite offering a cheaper alternative, quality remained key which ultimately implied that its position in the market would not be negotiated. 4.4 Porters Five Forces Porters Five Forces framework highlights that the environment John Lewis is competing in is constantly changing, (refer to appendix 5). In this model it is believed that customers dont have more importance than any other aspect, however Aker, Baker and Harvey Jones argue that customers are more important than any other aspect of strategy development (Lynch 2012). Porters Five Forces of competition (1985) is a common tool often applied within the strategic management process to firms across several sectors. It is similar to the PESTLE analysis as it takes a predominantly external perspective of the firm within its given industry looking at how it is positioned against other competitors in the same sector. Recently many have criticised the ensuring importance of the framework given the changes that have risen, particularly with regard to the diversification of business which has ultimately created blurring across many previously distinct sectors. This is emphasized by the supermarkets entering into the clothing and electronics sector for example, as well as retailers including John Lewis expanding into financial services through insurance and credit facilities to customers. Barney (1995) and Henry (2008) underlined how Porters model is more helpful when it is applied at a strategic business unit level rather than at higher levels of industry analysis such as the sector at large as it cannot be expected that all competitors will be competing against one another. This tool is also believed to be useful in terms of assessing a companys strengths and weaknesses in light of how it stacks up against competition. As Barney (1995, pg.49) highlights, A complete understanding of sources of competitive advantage requires the analysis of a firms internal strengths and weaknesses as well. The importance of integrating internal with environmental analyses can be seen when evaluating the sources of competitive advantage of many firms. Looking at Porters five forces of competition, it is clear that John Lewis has attempted to not to just react to the external dynamics and actions of competitors, but actively be a step ahead. It has constantly adapted its business model, such as the introduction of store cards, its online offering and the Waitrose Essentials range in order to provide its business with a more appropriate fit to the market in line with Mintzbergs (1994) theory. A major element of its strategy however, is its reputation, branding and subsequent positioning in the market and how consumers view the business in its entirety. It has remained rather committed to its original proposition and further enhanced its appeal through appropriate branding and its reputation for quality and enhanced service to customers. 5.0 Internal Resource analysis 5.1 Value analysis chain The term Value Chain was used by Michael Porter (1985), the purpose of the value chain is to analyse the activities that are performed by the business, linking them to the competitive position. It also evaluates the particular activities to see which add value to the businesses products or services (quickmba 1999-2010) While many critics and leading authorities dispute the validity of Porters earlier theories, many of his ideas do still appear useful from the perspective of strategic analysis, particularly the notion of the value chain. Ultimately, it is within the value chain which John Lewis has created that it has succeeded in terms of sustaining advantage in its market sector. It has created efficiencies and synergies through the interrelationships within (Mintzberg and Ghoshal, 2003). Value Chain Analysis which is often compared to the RBV of the firm as it looks to both internal and external dynamics impacting an organisation. In recent years importance has also been given to joint ventures, collaborations and relationships which add value to the companys positioning. Elements of the chain such as HR which were previously considered as supporting elements are now viewed as core and this is demonstrated by John Lewis in terms of its commitment to and investment in staff. By enhancing the quality of its internal resources it can achieve distinctive competencies which are difficult to emulate by other competitors (Teece et al, 1997; Terwiesch and Ulrich, 2009). As Porter (1985, pg.36) emphasises, the way it performs individual activities are a reflection of its history, its strategy, its approach to implementing its strategy, and the underlying economics of the activities themselves. 6.0 Strategy formulation 6.1 SWOT Analysis: John Lewis Partnership A SWOT analysis is a useful tool for understanding and decision-making, businesses such as John Lewis use this tool in all sorts of situations, a SWOT summarizes the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. This framework covers a crucial part of the strategic planning process a scan of the internal and external environment. Strength, Weaknesses are considered to be internal to the business whereas, Opportunities and Threats are part of the external environment. Looking at the SWOT analysis (refer to appendix 6) it can be concluded that John Lewis take this tool into consideration when making business decisions based on their customers. However, John Lewis need to expand their target audience because at the moment they are only targeting an older audience need to improve the diagnostic power of a SWOT analysis is to define the elements from a customer perspective rather than the organizational point of view. (Baker 2007, pg.267). By doing this they will generate a higher profit margin. If john Lewis wants to stay ahead of their competition they need focus on their weaknesses such as they need to ensure their prices are similar to their competitors. Also John Lewis need to focus on threats the business may have to face but they can avoid such matters by acting upon the threat before it occurs. Although the SWOT analysis tool is useful to businesses when making decisions, it has been criticized due to its simplicity and possible misleading approach to strategic analysis. This is because companies have failed to follow a few simple procedures. The SWOT analysis is a focused methodology (Baker 2007), therefore, when John Lewis the using this tool they need to ensure they are able to follow correct procedures of this tool to ensure they are able to achieve success. 6.2 BCG Growth-share Matrix The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) growth-share matrix was developed by Bruce Henderson, founder of BCG, in the late 1960s (Baker 2007, pg.125). The BCG Matrix is a simple tool used to assess a companys position in terms of its product range. It simplifies how a companys thinks about the products and services and makes decisions about which it should keep and let go and which products to invest in further. It provides a useful way of seeing the opportunities that are open to the company and also helps to consider how the company can maximise the profits in the future. Below is the BCG Matrix for John Lewis, highlighting where in the market the different departments of John Lewis are positioned. John Lewis was voted Britains best retailer in 2009 and have won awards House Beautiful Awards 2008: Online Home Retailer of the Year Gold Award (washerhelp 2012), making them leaders in departments such as House and Garden, Electrical Appliances, Fashion, Gifts and Toys. They now have a high growth and a high market share in this segment, thus putting them in the star category. Further, technology and baby departments are between the star and question mark category this could be due to high growth and market share or high growth and low market share as they are faced with high demands but have low returns. Moving on to the sport department as it is in the cash cow category, as a markets it isnt growing but yet the market share for the products is high. Looking at the final category it can be said that John Lewis are safe as there isnt any products in the dog category. 7.0 conclusion Overall, the company has responded admirably to the changing dynamics impacting upon its market and customers, it is also clear that going forward, more challenges and threats shall be presented to it, particularly given persistent uncertainty relating to the global economy as consumer confidence within the UK. It would appear that in addition to a thorough and consistent approach to its markets in relation to external analysis of those factors deemed to impact most significantly; the company also adopts an internal approach, evaluating its inherent resources and competencies within the business. In line with the resource based view of the firm (Barney, 1991) and subsequent research by other authors such as Grant (2005), this analysis is often viewed as a more appropriate approach to the task of strategic management as ultimately, organisations have much more control over their internal resources than external market variables. Such an approach enables companies to incite the innovat ion process and thus create change in the wider environment as well as improvements to its value chain. This appears to be exactly what John Lewis has done to date through its expansion into other areas, as well as extending its range to customers through on-line facilities as well as credit, insurance etc. Threat of New Entrants This is considered to be fairly low for John Lewis given the original capital investment required as well as the regulations governing the market. At the same time, the fact that discount retailers and the supermarkets who benefit from vast scale economies can offer many of the same goods at substantially lower prices, is a concern and is perhaps indicative of why many retailers such as John Lewis now provide an electronic service in addition to their store offering. More entrants to the online space does seem inevitable though may become increasingly difficult given the variety currently in existence as well as the perception that customer service is often diminished. In this respect, John Lewis is clearly at an advantage given its reputation in the market. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes is low from a product viewpoint yet in terms of suppliers, is high and is underlined by the success of the supermarket chains in their clothing lines as well as the competitive landscape in the online space and the continuing popularity of price comparison websites and similar forums. Over time, online retailers could exert increased pressure on officials such as John Lewis, particularly in terms of pricing as well as sourcing of product ranges. Bargaining Power of Buyers This is considered as being extremely high given the range of suppliers in the market and the realisation that customers are faced with unprecedented choice. Price is clearly a key advantage for the retailers, but at the same time, in the particular segment in which John Lewis manages factors such as location, quality, customer service and atmospherics and added benefits to be derived from the in-store experience are significant. Such variables also assist in terms of differentiating the store from other competitors in the High Street. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Though it was just few years ago the retailers were considered as having a major effect over suppliers, this seems to be fairly changing, particularly with regard to restrictions in supply of some raw materials as well as other concerns in the global supply chain which might put the suppliers in a more favourable position and increase their bargaining power. Degree of Rivalry Rivalry is obviously intense mainly due to the immense choice available as well as the increasing pressure from on-line retailers. On this basis, competitors are ultimately jockeying for position (Porter, 1979) and increasingly retailers challenge themselves to differentiate in some manner through providing expanded ranges as well as complementary goods and other services. The success of John Lewis Christmas promotional campaigns in the last few years highlights how the company attempts to differentiate itself, particularly focusing on those matters which are considered to impact most on subsequent motivation of customers to make a purchase.

Barangay Hall Information System Essay

Introduction Nowadays, it is very important to be one step ahead, to be able to cope up with the benefits of technology. Having a computerized system is a big use for the barangay halls for them to lessen the time for a certain operation that if done manually can consume so much time and effort. It can also decrease hassle in workplace and provide accurate and fast result that every barangay hall needs. The proponents have chosen information system entitled â€Å"Barangay Clearance Issuance System† for the distribution of barangay clearance as our target business, in hopes of providing better ways of monitoring records and transactions instead of having them done manually. San Jose’s barangay hall is one of the local government offices in San Miguel Bulacan. They were committed to serve and care the people for them to have a secured and a better way of living. In the nearly past it was only a residential infrastructure given by an old person (citizen of barangay San Jose). Then it w as founded as official barangay hall of San Jose up to date. Significance of the Study This study will help the selected barangay to have a more systematic and modern way of recording and searching records. This part of the study discusses about the importance of creating the system for the benefits of the following: For the Barangay Officials- it will lessen their paper works like manually adding and searching of records. For the Citizen- the system will serve as a primary source of documents for the people to save time and effort and to avoid a long queue. For the future barangay officials – It will reduce paper works in adding and searching of records in accordance to the proponents proposed system. Statement of the Problem The proponents came up with this study in the needs to lessen the manually adding and searching of records in the selected barangay hall. The general objective of this study is to lessen the manual system process of adding and searching of records. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following  question: What are the important features of the developed Barangay Clearance Issuance System? What operational requirements are needed by the system in terms of hardware requirements and software requirements? What process model shall be used in developing the Barangay Clearance Issuance System? How functional is the developed Barangay Clearance Issuance System in terms of the following software evaluation criteria; reliability, efficiency, accuracy, user friendliness; and security? Scope and Delimitation The proposed system will handle the adding, searching, viewing, and updating of the records in the selected barangay hall. A faster process of the said matters will be recognized until this system is implemented most importantly the system will store the data for the future use. The proposed system can perform such as: a) Maintenance of records in connection with the barangay clearance. b) Printing of the said document (barangay clearance). c) Printing of criminal records Concerning records that are not connected to the system is its limitations. The Figure 1 shows the capability of the admin and the end user into the system. Whereas the admin has the entire access to the system while the end user is capable of viewing and searching records only. Conceptual Framework The researchers aim to describe how the Information System can help in barangay hall. Consequently, this section describes the concept of the proposed information system to improve barangay hall and this starts with the citizen/complainant as an input. The Figure 2 shows the flow of the system and how it will work and to help the barangay to have a more systematic way of doing their work. Also it shows the input, process and output of the system throughout the whole procedure. Where the person or citizen will be ask by the secretary or the  user who is a legal officer of the barangay to know if he or she has a bad record. After that the secretary or the user will check the system’s list of records if the person has a clear or bad record in the barangay. If the person has a clear record, no violations committed, and no complaints from the citizens of barangay, the secretary or the user will release the barangay clearance. And if the person has a bad record the secretary or user will not release barangay clearance. In the other hand the complainant can request to file a criminal case to the secretary in the help of system. Definition of terms Database – a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways. Database Management – storage that handles the storage, retrieval, and updating of data in a computer system. Graphic User Interface – is a type of interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons. Hardware – the machines, wiring, and other physical components of a computer or other electronic system. Information System- an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, processing, and communicating information. Microsoft SQL Server – is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft. Software – the programs and other operating information used by a computer. Systematic – done, acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical. CHAPTER II Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter presents related literature and writing of recognized experts, both of which have significant bearing or relation to the study. It also discusses the associated methods and researches that was read and reviewed which helped the researchers to have a better understanding and to find some important information that is connected with this study. In the process of system development, literature reviews conducted to theory, methods and technologies associated with systems that have been developed. Background research on the organization and comparative studies of existing systems were also done to understand more the requirements before the system was develop. Barangay Inventory System With our fast-paced developing society, many of our institutions optimize to perform their procedures in a computerized manner. They consider this as a great reliable process to lean on. They believe that this method will help them catch-up with this quick changing situations that they encounter each day. However, it is hard to imagine that many of us still stick to the manual method knowing that computerized system is just there waiting for them to take advantage of. There are several reasons that are forcing them to be stuck with to this traditional system. One of these is illiteracy; no one in this world is unable to understand and adapt to the computerized system if it will be properly introduced and taught. Another one is being doubtful with the system; they believe that manual system can perform less error than an automated system. But as the years goes by, a number of certain works have grown indicating that the manual method is not practical and efficient anymore. Nowadays, people have become more conscious with their time and they find essential ways on how they can do such work in less time or how they can do their number of works at the same time. This study aimed at developing a computerized system for a barangay that still practices a traditional way of creating a Barangay Clearance and management of database. We will do this by incorporating the technology of using camera and stylus pen for creating a Barangay Clearance. We will also use the computer to properly manage their files. By using our system, their barangay employees can have fast, more practical and efficient way of doing their tasks (HazelJane, 2012) Many people believe that manual method can perform less error than the automated one. But as years goes by, technology become more developed. Today, the computerized system is more applicable than the manual one because it can get a more accurate data and will lessen the time of work. Barangay Record System Barangay is the small administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village or district. Barangay are further subdivided into smaller areas called Puroks (English: Zone). A barangay is led and governed by its barangay officials. It is composed of a Punong Barangay or Barangay Captain/Chairman, seven (7) Barangay Councilors or  Barangay Kagawad and a SangguniaangKabataan Chairman. Together with this is the Barangay Secretary and a residing midwife or a doctor that manages and supervise the barangay health center. The barangay is in charge of keeping track of the records of resident in the place. These records are important for different purposes that the barangay is being used. The barangay has the manual based process for all the services it gives to its constituents. They manually handle files and information they get. For instances, in getting the barangay clearance, they issue a receipt form to the resident requesting the clearance. Same through with the storing of the files, they used folders to store the files. The organization experienced hard and long procedure in accessing the records they have when it is needed and the redundancy of the records were not strictly observed. The proponents proposed a computerized barangay information system that will help the barangay as well as the workers and the people of the place. The proposed system will reduced the hard and long-time procedure of accessing files and records they keep and store. The system will also be the census like system of the barangay for all of its constituents and new people to live in the place. The system will be effective in maintaining, searching and storing of records of all resident in the barangay. This will help the worker for having an easy time on accessing files and records they need (Elmer, 2013) Record System is helpful to the barangay in storing and keeping records or files easily. By the help of the system, they can search easily the record of a particular person. And they can avoid the redundancy of records. E-Blotter System The e-blotter system facilitates fast, easy, and paperless entering of crime information using the computer machine that is linked into one station to another up to the higher headquarters via internet connections. The e-blotter is designed as a stand-alone system which will be installed in all police stations as a means of reporting and monitoring all crime incidents that transpired within their respective areas as well as the results and records of the investigation. The system will allow enhancement in the course of crime prevention, detection, and solution as it enables easy access of data needed for an immediate action from the police officials. Crime investigators and personnel will instantly access crime reports and daily updates of what is happening in the ground, particularly in every  police station which is vital in mapping out strategies for quick response and crime prevention through internet using e-blotter system. The system will allow integration of crime reports for and accurate and reliable documentation which is needed for crime investigation and solution. The e-blotter system will render better police service through an improved and enhanced crime incident reporting system with the use of modern technology (Yhatskii, 2013) The e-blotter is a big help to monitor all crime incidents happened in the barangay. It will also help the secretary to know easily if a person has a crime records before issuing the barangay clearance. Residential Profiling and Recordkeeping System Through the years, the term web-based recordkeeping has blown up to encompass many aspect of recording the file of every resident, thus, the term become more recognizable. A general term that describes recordkeeping system is that collects, organizes, and categorizes records, facilitating their preservation, retrieval, use, and disposition. Software is developed to reduce the time consumed in a particular task to be accomplished with a high standard and accurate output or results. Web based applications are the ultimate way to take advantage of today’s technology to enhance organizations or community more productivity and efficiency. Web based application gives you an opportunity to access your business information from anywhere in the world at any time. It offers cross platform compatibility that is more manageable, highly deployable, give secure live data. It also facilitates to save time and money and improve the interactivity with the client. The main purpose of the study is to explore the development in making a web-based system. Technically, the term Web-Based system refers to those applications or services that the client/resident on a server that is accessible using a Web browser and is therefore accessible from anywhere in the world via the Web. Web-based system is used to secure the records of the residents that only the Barangay Captain and his/her Secretary are the only entities can access the record. Viewing and surfing the sites are the only role that the residents can do. (Boddie, 2013) The system can help to make the records or files more secure. Also, it is easy for them to update and access the records. And lastly, it is easily for them to monitor all of the barangay records. Barangay Information System This participatory action-research followed the reflection-input-action-reflection process in allowing barangays to evolve their own information system. Benchmark study, secondary data use, key informants interview and observations were the key data gathering techniques. Data analysis was basically descriptive. This project was implemented in nine barangays of Munoz, Nueva Ecija. Majority of the respondents perceived their barangay hall as very useful in terms of serving as venue for meetings and as source of vital information about the barangay and its people. However, they felt that the information is inadequate as basis for planning and in responding to information requests from local government offices. The project also described and documented the Barangay Information System (BIS) implementation process of the nine barangays. It covered the activities that the barangays did in implementing their BIS. There were commonalities among the barangays in following a basic implementation process from orientation meeting in the barangay to data storage and updating. However, there were also observed peculiarities on data gathering techniques and logistics wherein some barangay officials voluntarily used their own money for supplies and materials and even provided snacks for BIS team members during data gathering, data posting/tabulation and data presentation so the activities will not be delayed (Almario, 2012) This will improve the efficiency of filing reports and complaints in the barangay level. Storing barangay information in a central database allows for easy storing and updating of records. Retrieval of records will also be faster, translating to faster transaction time. With the records readily available in the server, this will allow concerned government agencies to gather data for planning and development. Furthermore, automation reduces the use of paper. Barangay File Management System Palayan City Local Government Unit (LGU) has long been provided all of its barangays at least a computer unit to upgrade the system of operation to a much enhanced way. That is, through computer technology. That was almost exactly four years ago. But up to now, those computers had not been used to  their fullest capabilities. Barangay offices still rely on manual labor not on the machines as their frontline of service and operations. Some things are neglected. One, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) is not followed. Anyone can have his clearance signed or business permit released even if the authorized person to approve it, for example the Barangay Captain, is not present. The office has at least signed blank clearances and/or permits in this case. Thus, the reliability of such can be questioned. Two, it’s because all of the facts and information on the barangay is kept on papers, there should-be manifestation of the maximized usage of computer is not attained and therefore causes the slow retrieval of information and transactions. And lastly, hard copies of the files, transactions held and other matters require a large file cabinet to hold them which in many case, is a case of an unorganized file management system (wonderworldblog, 2005) The computerized system helps the authorized person in terms of managing the file. Because there are many information and records that they need to organize and secure, the computer machines has its capability of saving large file and providing ways on how to secure the files. CHAPTER III Methodology of the Study This chapter presents the methods and techniques used in the research for the development of Barangay Clearance Issuance System’s target clientele, population and sample, data gathering, instrument of the study, system’s development model used and criteria for system evaluation for this study are given importance in this chapter. Methods and Techniques of the Study The researchers used the Descriptive Research Method wherein the study focused on gathering of data. Based from (James P. Key, 1997) Oklahoma State University, he describes Descriptive research is used to obtain information concerning the current status of the phenomena to describe â€Å"what exists† with respect to variables or conditions in a situation. The methods involved range from the survey which describes the status quo, the correlation study which investigates the relationship between variables, to developmental  studies which seek to determine changes over time. The purpose of using the descriptive research method is to acquire accurate, factual, systematic data that can provide you with an actual picture of the data set that you are reviewing. This method illustrates a survey approach to the respondents from the barangay staffs, complainant and as well as the people in the barangay community. The proposed barangay information system will be beneficial because it will help the people to acquire the information their needed. Data gathering is very important in the study because it serves as a basis and pattern in making the system. Target clientele The target user of this study is the secretary, who will monitor the system and assists the citizens who will request a barangay clearance. The Barangay Clearance Issuance System will be a great help to the secretary to access the records easily. Population and Sample These respondents were asked by the researchers. The population of respondent came from barangay captain and other barangay officials, secretary and also the citizen of the barangay and the respondent will answer the questionnaires to determine the overall performance of the system. Data Gathering Procedures These are the things used for gathering information about the proposed study, the basis for making decisions and evaluations are the collected data and record. Interview – This is where the proponents ask a question and getting the information from the interviewee using direct communication. Questionnaire – It is a series of different question that will be given to the individual who have knowledge of the study, and used to get the information from the respondent and their opinions. Evaluation Form – It is an instrument used to estimate the research study. The following criteria were given to evaluate the developed system: (a) reliability; (b) efficiency; (c) accuracy; (d) user friendliness; and (e) security. Instrument Used in the Study The researchers used questionnaire in dealing this study. A research instrument used to collect data may be created by the researcher or based on an existing instrument. If the instrument is researcher created, the process used to select the questions should be described and justified and it contains indicators that asses of the overall performance of the system. System Development Model Used The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) for the system development will be used. According to Taylor (2004), the project life cycle encompasses all the activities of the project, while the systems development life cycle focuses on realizing the product requirements. SDLC is used during the development of an IT project; it describes the different stages involved in the project from the drawing board, through the completion of the project. A number of system development life cycle models have been created: waterfall, fountain, and spiral build and fix, rapid prototyping, incremental, and synchronize-stabilize. The oldest of these, and the best known, is the waterfall: a sequence of stages in which the output of each stage becomes the input for the next. These stages can be characterized and divided up in different ways, including planning, system analysis, system design, development, testing, implementation and maintenance. Planning – During the planning phase, the objective of the project is determined and the requirements to produce the product are considered. An estimate of resources, such as personnel and costs, is prepared, along with a concept for the new product. All of the information is analyzed to see if there is an alternative solution to creating a new product. If there is no other viable alternative, the information is assembled into a project plan and presented to management for approval. System Analysis – During the analysis stage the project team determines the end-user requirements. Often this is done with the assistance of client focus groups, which provide an explanation of their needs and what their expectations are for the finished product and how it will perform. The project team documents all of the user requirements and gets a sign-off from  the client and management to move forward with system design. System Design – The design phase is the â€Å"architectural† phase of system design. The flow of data processing is developed into charts, and the project team determines the most logical design and structure for data flow and storage. For the user interface, the project team designs mock-up screen layouts that the developers use to write the code for the actual interface. Development – During the development phase developers execute the plans laid out in the design phase. The developers design the database, generate the code for the data flow process and design the actual user interface screens. During the development phase, test data is prepared and processed as many times as necessary to refine the code. Testing – During the testing phase all aspects of the system are tested for functionality and performance. The system is tested for integration with other products as well as any previous versions with which it needs to communicate. Essentially, the key elements of the testing phase are to verify that the system contains all the end user requirements laid out in the analysis phase, that all the functions are accurately processing data, that the new system works with all other systems or prior systems, and that the new system meets the quality standards of the company and the customers. Implementation – During this phase, the new or enhanced system is installed in the production environment, users are trained, data is converted (as needed), the system is turned over to the sponsor, and business processes are evaluated. This phase includes efforts required to implement, resolve system problems identified during the implementation process, and plan for sustainment. Maintenance – During the maintenance stage, the system is assessed to ensure it does not become obsolete. This is also where changes are made to initial software. It involves continuous evaluation of the system in terms of its performance. Data Gathering and Statistical Treatment After developing the system the information that are gathered, analyzed and tabulated will determine the level of perception of the overall performance of the system, descriptive statistical tools that employed such as weighted mean to determine the perception of respondents on Barangay Clearance Issuance System. Construction Procedures The researchers conducted a survey from the staffs of the barangay and the people in the barangay community, the objectives of this survey are; to know if this study will be a big help for them for the enhancement purposes and it will be easier to release the barangay clearance. The respondents will be given enough time to answer the survey forms that will help the researchers to gather some data for this study. The researchers constructed the survey form having ten (10) questions for them to answer. The procedures in gathering data were presented as follows: 1. The researchers submitted the authorization letter to the administration office for the approval in conducting the survey to the chosen respondents which is related to the present study. 2. The population or the respondents in this study were chosen exactly. Each respondent came from the administration, staffs, and people in the barangay. The total number of the involved persons in this study is 5 (five). 3. After submitting the letter and choosing the respondents, the questionnaires were constructed and distributed on the selected respondents. The researchers gave enough time to answer the survey form. The respondents were supervised by the researchers for further clarification about the survey form. 4. After conducting the survey, the researchers collected the survey form from the respondents to review and verify the answers to processed and tabulate the results of the form, to know if the objectives of this study were meet.

Why analysis based on Pareto Chart Comp

Reasons Overslept Traffic Jam Why? Stay up until all night. Go to class at peak time Doing a lot of assignments Everyone use the same road to go for work or sending children to school Why? Doing the assignment at last minute The main road used by everyone and the only shortcut road used by Item's student Student prefer to gather all task and complete at the same time Student house Is far from the campus Student downplayed about assignment No choices for student to stay near the campus Solution for Overslept Why?Student downplayed about assignment Lecturer must not give the assignment too early than due date because student will postpone their work until the due date Is come. At the end, when the all the assignments should be submitted at the same date, student will anxious and stay all night to do the assignment. Lecturer should ask the student to meet them frequently to show their assignment's progress Lecturer give punishment for those student that o not show their assignment frequ ently before the due date such as warn them that It will affect their carry mark.Solution for Traffic Jam Why? No choices for student to stay near the campus Provides the student with the hostel so that they can arrive early to class and will not face with traffic Jam every day. Provide a lot of rental house around the campus that offer the lower rental so that, the student Is able to pay the rental fee. Class time Is changed to the other time such as for the class at 8. Am Is changed to 9. AAA. So those students that stay far can come on time and not faced the traffic Jam. Why analysis based on Parent Chart Com By Guardia-Island Student house is far from the campus postpone their work until the due date is come. At the end, when the all the that it will affect their carry mark. Solution for Traffic Jam offer the lower rental so that, the student is able to pay the rental fee. Class time is changed to the other time such as for the class at 8. Mama is changed to 9. AAA. M so